Focus on Arts and Ecology

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Japanese spacecraft probes asteroid’s guts for first time

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Hayabusa2 touched down on Ryugu to collect material from beneath the surface.
Davide Castelvecchi, 10 JULY 2019, UPDATE 11 JULY 2019 

Hayabusa2 descended to asteroid Ryugu to collect material from underneath the surface.Credit: JAXA

Japan’s Hayabusa2 asteroid mission has performed the last major act in its saga of space exploration. At 10:18 a.m. Tokyo time on Thursday, the spacecraft descended on the asteroid Ryugu for the second time this year to collect material from a crater it gouged out in April by bombarding the body’s surface with a pellet. If the collection was successful — something that mission team will not know for a while — it will be the first time in history that a mission has gathered material from an asteroid’s innards.
The mission collected a sample from Ryugu’s surface in February. After the spacecraft returns its booty to Earth next year, scientists will be able to compare the composition of material from the two touchdown sites. That could reveal how exposure to the rigours of space, and in particular solar heating, solar wind and cosmic rays, affected the chemistry on the surface.
“This is a cornucopia of a mission,” says Lucy McFadden, a planetary astronomer at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland.

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